Capoeira is
a martial art that comes from Brazil. It is roughly 500 years
old. It was developed in Brazil by African slaves. It is the
only surviving Martial Art native to the New World.
Capoeira is more than just another martial art, as it is an
art of expression, play and personal interaction developed in
the oppressive atmosphere and environment of slavery that has
survived into the 21st century. In Portuguese, the native
language of Brazil, Capoeira is referred to as a jogo, or
a game.
Capoeira
is characterized by deceptive kicks, sweeps, trip-em-ups, head butts,
elbows and knees. Two players enter a circle of onlookers and
participants, known as a roda. At the head of the roda
are musicians, fellow capoeira players, who play instruments specific to
the art. There is the berimbau, an primitive bowed instrument,
played by a mestre, or master of the art, whose tempo dictates to
the players what game they will play in the roda. The berimbau is
accompanied by the atabaque
a floor drum, and a pandeiro, a Brazilian tambourine. The
mestre also leads the onlookers and fellow players
in songs that reflect the type of games being played within the roda.
Fast tempos dictate games where the players throw fast powerful kicks and
blows at each other, along with movements reminiscent of the most
acrobatic gymnastics. Slower tempos dictate more dance like interaction,
and more deception between the two
players. Lyrics to songs reflect the action. For example, if
one player is obviously losing his cool, the mestre
might sing a traditional song about a bawling child who is
crying. The lyrics serve to remind the upset player that he is
losing his cool, and hence emotional balance, a key to good
capoeira play.
On
it's deepest level, Capoeira transcends martial arts, music and
ritual and is a philosophical framework for approaching and
interacting with the others and the world at large. It is a deep
and holistic art form that pushes the practitioner to their
proverbial limits - physically, mentally, emotionally and
spiritually.
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